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Geelong, Victoria, Australia



 


Tree: Geneagraphie

City/Town : Latitude: -38.1485437, Longitude: 144.3613479

Tree: Nederlandse voorouders

Notes:
Geelong (pron.: /dʒəˈlɒŋ/) is a port city located on Corio Bay and the Barwon River, in the state of Victoria, Australia, 75 kilometres (47 mi) south-west of the state capital, Melbourne. It is the second most populated city in Victoria and the fifth most populated non-capital city in Australia. The urban area runs from the plains of Lara in the north to the rolling hills of Waurn Ponds to the south, with the bay to the east and hills to the west, an area with an estimated population of 160,891 people. It is the administrative centre for the City of Greater Geelong municipality which covers the urban and surrounding areas and is home to over 181,000 people. An inhabitant of Geelong has been known as a Geelongite, or a Pivotonian, in the past.



Geelong was named in 1827 by Governor Richard Burke, with the name derived from the local Wathaurong Aboriginal name for the region, Jillong, thought to mean "land" or "cliffs". The area was first surveyed in 1838, three weeks after Melbourne, and the Post Office was open by June 1840 (the second to open in the Port Phillip District). The first woolstore was erected in this period and it became the port for the wool industry of the Western District. During the gold rush Geelong experienced a brief boom as the main port to the rich goldfields of the Ballarat district. The city then diversified into manufacturing and during the 1860s it became one of the largest manufacturing centres in Australia with its wool mills, ropeworks, and paper mills.



It was proclaimed a city in 1910, with industrial growth from this time until the 1960s establishing the city as a manufacturing centre for the state, and saw the population grow to over 100,000 by the mid-1960s.0 Population increases over the last decade were due to growth in service industries, as the manufacturing sector has declined. Redevelopment of the inner city has occurred since the 1990s, as well as gentrification of inner suburbs and currently has a population growth rate higher than the national average.



It is known for being home to car manufacturer Ford Australia and also the Geelong Football Club, known as The Cats.



History



Early history and foundation



The area of Geelong and the Bellarine Peninsula was originally occupied by the Wathaurong Indigenous Australian tribe.



The first non-Aboriginal person recorded as visiting the region was Lt. John Murray, who commanded the brig HMS Lady Nelson. After anchoring outside Port Phillip Heads (the narrow entrance to Port Phillip, onto which both Geelong and Melbourne now front) on 1 February 1802 he sent a small boat with six men to explore. Led by John Bowen they explored the immediate area, returning to the Lady Nelson on 4 February. On reporting favourable findings, the Lady Nelson entered Port Phillip on 14 February, and did not leave until 12 March. During this time, Murray explored the Geelong area and, whilst on the far side of the bay, claimed the entire area for Britain. He named the bay Port King, after Philip Gidley King, then Governor of New South Wales. Governor King later renamed the bay Port Phillip after the first governor of New South Wales, Arthur Phillip. Arriving not long after Murray was Matthew Flinders, who entered Port Phillip on 27 April 1802. He charted the entire bay, including the Geelong area, believing he was the first to sight the huge expanse of water, but in a rush to reach Sydney before winter set in he left Port Phillip on 3 May.



In January 1803, Surveyor-General Charles Grimes arrived at Port Phillip in the sloop Cumberland and mapped the area, including the future site of Geelong, but reported the area was unfavourable for settlement and returned to Sydney on 27 February. In October of the same year, the HMS Calcutta led by Lieutenant-Colonel David Collins arrived in the bay to establish the Sullivan Bay penal colony. Collins was dissatisfied with the area chosen, and sent a small party led by First Lieutenant J.H. Tuckey to investigate alternate sites. The party spent 22 October to 27 October on the north shore of Corio Bay, where the first Aboriginal death at the hands of a European in Victoria occurred.



The next European visit to the area was by the explorers Hamilton Hume and William Hovell. They reached the northern edge of Corio Bay - the area of Port Phillip that Geelong now fronts - on 16 December 1824, and it was at this time they reported that the Aborigines called the area Corayo, the bay being called Jillong. Hume and Hovell had been contracted to travel overland from Sydney to Port Phillip, and having achieved this they stayed the night and begun their return journey two days later on 18 December.



The convict William Buckley escaped from the Sullivan Bay settlement in 1803, and lived among the Wathaurong people for 32 years on the Bellarine Peninsula.0 In 1835, John Batman used Indented Head as his base camp, leaving behind several employees whilst he returned to Tasmania (then known as Van Diemen's Land) for more supplies and his family. In this same year, Buckley surrendered to the party led by John Helder Wedge and was later pardoned by Lieutenant-Governor Sir George Arthur, and subsequently given the position of interpreter to the natives



In March 1826, three squatters, David Fisher, James Strachan and George Russell arrived on the Caledonia and settled the area. Geelong was first surveyed by Assistant Surveyor, W. H. Smythe three weeks after Melbourne, and was gazetted as a town on 10 October 1838. There was already a church, hotel, store and wool store, 82 houses, and the town population was 545. By 1841, the first wool had been sent to England and a regular steamer service was running between Geelong and Melbourne. Captain Foster Fyans was commissioned as the local Police Magistrate in 1837 and established himself on the Barwon River at the site of the area of present-day Fyansford. Fyans constructed a breakwater to improve the water supply to the city by preventing the salty lower reaches from mixing with fresh water and pooling water.



The Geelong Keys were discovered around 1845 by Governor Charles La Trobe on Corio Bay. They were embedded in the stone in such a way that he believed that they had been there for 100–150 years, possibly dropped by Portuguese explorers. In 1849, Fyans was nominated as the inaugural Mayor of the Geelong Town Council. An early settler of Geelong, Alexander Thomson, for which the area of Thomson in East Geelong is named, settled on the Barwon River, and was Mayor of Geelong on five occasions from 1850–1858.



1850s: Gold rush



Gold was discovered in nearby Ballarat in 1851, causing the Geelong population to grow to 23,000 people by the mid-1850s. To counter this, a false map was issued by Melbourne interests to new arrivals, showing the quickest road to the goldfields as being via Melbourne. The first issue of the Geelong Advertiser newspaper was published in 1840 by James Harrison, who also built the world's first Ether Vapour Compression Cycle ice making and refrigeration machine in 1844, later being commissioned by a brewery in 1856 to build a machine that cooled beer.



The Geelong Hospital was opened in 1852, and construction on the Geelong Town Hall commenced in 1855.0 Development of the Port of Geelong began with the creation of the first shipping channel in Corio Bay in 1853.0 The Geelong to Melbourne railway was built by the Geelong and Melbourne Railway Company in 1857 Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1859 by Thomas Austin, who imported them from England for hunting purposes at his Barwon Park property near Winchelsea. One of Geelong's best known department stores, Bright and Hitchcocks, was opened in 1861,0 and the HM Prison Geelong built using convict labour, was opened in 1864.



In 1866 Graham Berry started a newspaper, the Geelong Register, as a rival to the established Geelong Advertiser. When this proved unsuccessful, he bought the Advertiser and made himself editor of the now merged papers.0 Using the paper as a platform, he was elected for West Geelong in 1869. In 1877 he switched to Geelong, which he represented until 1886, and served as Victorian Premier in 1875, 1877–1880, and 1880–1881. On the Market Square in the middle of the city, a clock tower was erected in 1856, and an Exhibition Building was opened in 1879.



1860s: The 'Sleepy Hollow'



The gold rush had seen Ballarat and Bendigo grow larger than Geelong in terms of population. Melbourne critics dubbed Geelong 'Sleepy Hollow', a tag that recurred many times in the following years. A number of industries became established in Geelong, including Victoria's first woollen mill at South Geelong in 1868. In 1869 the clipper Lightning caught fire at the Yarra Street pier and was cast adrift in Corio Bay to burn before finally sunk by artillery fire. Improvements to transport saw Geelong emerge as the centre of the Western District of Victoria, with railway lines extended towards Colac in 1876, and to Queenscliff in 1879. Construction of the Hopetoun shipping channel began in 1881 and completed in 1893.0



The Geelong Cup was first held in 1872 and Victoria's first long distance telephone call was made from Geelong to Queenscliff on 8 January 1878, only one year after the invention of the device itself.0 Geelong was also the home of a prosperous wine industry until the emergence of the grapevine eating insect phylloxera vastatrix in 1885, which killed the industry until the 1960s.0 Between 1886 and 1889 the central business district's major banks and insurance companies erected new premises in a solid and ornate character. The existing Geelong Post Office was built during this time and the Gordon Technical College was established. Further industrial growth occurred with the Fyansford cement works established in 1890.



The town became known as 'the Pivot' in the 1860s owing to its being a central rail and shipping hub to Melbourne, Ballarat and the western district.



1900s: A city develops



The town of Geelong officially became a city on 8 December 1910. The city gained a number of essential services, with electric light supplied by the Geelong Power Station starting in 1902, the Geelong Harbour Trust was formed in December 1905, and the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust formed in 1908. Electric trams began operation in 1912, travelling from the city centre to the suburbs until their demise in 1956. The first of many stores on the Market Square was opened in 1913,0 and the first Gala Day festival was held in 1916.0



Geelong's industrial growth accelerated in the 1920s: woollen mills, fertiliser plants, the Ford Motor Company's vehicle plant at Norlane, and the Corio whisky distillery were all established in this period. The Geelong Advertiser radio station 3GL (now K-Rock) commenced transmission in 1930, the Great Ocean Road was opened in 1932, and in 1934 the T & G Building opened on the most prominent intersection in the city, the corner of Ryrie and Moorabool streets.



By 1936 Geelong had displaced Ballarat as Victoria's second largest city



In 1938 one of the last Port Philip Bay steamers, Edina, made its final trip to Geelong, ending a romantic period of seaside excursions and contests for the fastest trip. The Eastern Beach foreshore beautification and pool was completed in 1939 after almost 10 years of work.0



On the eve of World War II the International Harvester works were opened beside Ford at North Shore, a grain elevator at nearby Corio Quay, and the Shell Australia oil refinery.



Post-war period



Government housing was constructed in the suburbs of East Geelong, Norlane, North Shore and Corio from the 1950s. The banks of the Barwon River burst in 1952, inundating nearby Belmont Common.



Geelong continued to expand with Corio, Highton and Belmont growing at such a rate that in February 1967 Geelong accounted for 21 percent of private home development in non-metropolitan Victoria. Private vehicles became the city's major mode of transport. The first parking meters in the city were introduced in 1961, new petrol stations were constructed and the city's first supermarket, operated by Coles, opened in 1965. Industrial growth continued with a second cement works operating at Waurn Ponds by 1964 and the Alcoa Point Henry aluminium smelter constructed in 1962.



Federal Government policy changes on tariff protection led to the closure of many Geelong industrial businesses from the 1970s. The woollen mills closed in 1974 and hectares of warehouse space in the city centre were left empty after wool handling practices changed. The Target head office opened in North Geelong, Deakin University was established at Waurn Ponds in 1974 and the Geelong Performing Arts Centre opened in 1981. Later, the Australian Animal Health Laboratory was opened in 1985,0 and the National Wool Museum in 1988.



Market Square, the first enclosed shopping centre in the city was opened in 1985, with neighbouring Westfield Geelong (formerly Bay City Plaza) opened in 1988. The Pyramid Building Society, founded in Geelong in 1959, collapsed in 1990 leaving debts of A$1.3 billion to over 200,000 depositors, and causing the Geelong economy to stagnate. On 18 May 1993 the City of Greater Geelong was formed by the amalgamation of a number of smaller municipalities with the former City of Geelong. The Waterfront Geelong redevelopment started in 1994 designed to enhance use and appreciation of Corio Bay and in 1995 the Barwon River overflowed in the worst flood since 1952.



21st century



In 2004 Avalon Airport was upgraded to accommodate interstate passenger travel, providing a base for the low-cost airline Jetstar to service the Melbourne and Geelong urban areas. Geelong is planned to expand towards the south coast, with 2,500 hectares of land to become a major suburban development for between 55,000 to 65,000 people, known as Armstrong Creek.0 In 2006, construction began on the Geelong Ring Road, designed to replace the Princes Highway through Geelong from Corio to Waurn Ponds. It opened in 2009.



More than A$500 million worth of major construction was under way in 2007. Major projects include the $150 million Westfield Geelong expansion works, involving a flyover of Yarra Street, the city's first Big W store and an additional 70 new speciality stores; the $37 million Deakin Waterfront campus redevelopment and the $23 million Deakin Medical School; the $50 million Edgewater apartment development on the waterfront; a number of multi-million dollar office developments in the CBD; and a new $30 million aquatic centre in Waurn Ponds.



Major developments within Geelong are advocated by the region's formal alliance, G21 Geelong Region Alliance. The City of Greater Geelong and four other local municipalities form part of the alliance which identifies the Geelong region's priorities, advocate all levels of government for funding and implement the projects. G21 developed 'The Geelong Region Plan - a sustainable growth strategy' which was launched by Premier Brumby in 2007. It is the approved strategic plan for the Geelong region. In addition, major projects such as the Geelong Ring Road Connections and duplication of the Princes Highway West have obtained funding due to the combined efforts of the region's municipalities. As at November 2011, there are 13 Priority Projects for the Geelong region.



The Victorian Government announced the relocation of the Transport Accident Commission headquarters from Melbourne to Geelong in October 2006, which created 850 jobs and an annual economic benefit of over $59 million to the Geelong region. The construction of the $80 million Brougham Street headquarters was completed in late 2008. In November 2008 Ford Australia announced that its Australian designed I6 engine would be re-engineered to meet the latest emissions regulations and that consequently the engine manufacturing plant would be upgraded.



A change to the city skyline is occurring with a number of modern apartment buildings on the Waterfront and central business district planned or under construction. On 10 July 2008 approval was given for a $100 million twin tower apartment complex of 16 and 12 floors to be built on Mercer St in the city's Western edge. The towers will become the tallest buildings in the city, taking the title from the Mercure Hotel. Further highrise developments are planned as part of the City of Greater Geelong's Geelong Western Edge strategic plan. A $17 million 11-story apartment tower has also recently been proposed to be built next to the Deakin Waterfront Campus.



In 2012 a design competition for a "city icon" was run for the City of Geelong by Deakin University and Senia Lawyers. The recipient of the prize and winning design entry was JOH Architects and their design titled "The Sea Dragon"

City/Town : Latitude: -38.149461532356476, Longitude: 144.3486785888672


Birth

Matches 1 to 13 of 13

   Last Name, Given Name(s)    Birth    Person ID   Tree 
1 Capron, Emily Harriet  Abt 1864Geelong, Victoria, Australia I90370 Geneagraphie 
2 Gilbert, James Robert  27 Jun 1893Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456234 Geneagraphie 
3 Kelly, Dorothy Adelaide  17 Jun 1910Geelong, Victoria, Australia I455981 Geneagraphie 
4 Lebatt, Alice  Abt 1868Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44071 Geneagraphie 
5 Lebatt, Ann  Abt 1865Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44069 Geneagraphie 
6 Lebatt, Betsy  Abt 1861Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44067 Geneagraphie 
7 Lebatt, Caroline  6 Jul 1858Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44059 Geneagraphie 
8 Lebatt, Elizabeth  Abt 1860Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44066 Geneagraphie 
9 Lebatt, George  Abt 1870Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44072 Geneagraphie 
10 Lebatt, John  Abt 1863Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44068 Geneagraphie 
11 Lebatt, Phillis  Abt 1867Geelong, Victoria, Australia I44070 Geneagraphie 
12 Purnell, Gordon Ernest  1916Geelong, Victoria, Australia I143989 Geneagraphie 
13 Roberts, Lucy Lilian  10 Oct 1914Geelong, Victoria, Australia I455977 Geneagraphie 

Death

Matches 1 to 17 of 17

   Last Name, Given Name(s)    Death    Person ID   Tree 
1 Betts, Matilda Pauline  1920Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456289 Geneagraphie 
2 Betts, William Frederick  1847Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456284 Geneagraphie 
3 Gilbert, Charles Albert Ernest  11 Aug 1975Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456235 Geneagraphie 
4 Gilbert, Edith Ellen  18 Nov 1911Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456229 Geneagraphie 
5 Gilbert, Eliza Alberta  28 Oct 1950Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456228 Geneagraphie 
6 Gilbert, Ethel Annie  7 Jul 1962Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456230 Geneagraphie 
7 Gilbert, Francis Edward  27 Feb 1955Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456114 Geneagraphie 
8 Gilbert, James Robert  25 Jul 1963Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456234 Geneagraphie 
9 Hingston, Hannah Maria  9 Jul 1940Geelong, Victoria, Australia I114962 Geneagraphie 
10 Kelly, Dorothy Adelaide  24 Aug 1972Geelong, Victoria, Australia I455981 Geneagraphie 
11 Kelly, Sidney Paul  11 Nov 1936Geelong, Victoria, Australia I455982 Geneagraphie 
12 Purnell, Alfred John  21 Jan 1973Geelong, Victoria, Australia I115830 Geneagraphie 
13 Purnell, Hester May  1 Oct 1969Geelong, Victoria, Australia I115831 Geneagraphie 
14 Purnell, Samuel Joseph  13 May 1939Geelong, Victoria, Australia I115829 Geneagraphie 
15 Thorogood, Edith  15 Sep 1904Geelong, Victoria, Australia I456133 Geneagraphie 
16 Veevers, Dorothy Constance May  1976Geelong, Victoria, Australia I823870 Geneagraphie 
17 Wright, Mathew James  6 Jun 1911Geelong, Victoria, Australia I31096 Geneagraphie 

Burial

Matches 1 to 1 of 1

   Last Name, Given Name(s)    Burial    Person ID   Tree 
1 Purnell, Hester May  3 Oct 1969Geelong, Victoria, Australia I115831 Geneagraphie 

Marriage

Matches 1 to 9 of 9

   Family    Marriage    Family ID   Tree 
1 Cole / Roberts  30 Mar 1933Geelong, Victoria, Australia F180795 Geneagraphie 
2 Fox / Garrard  8 Jan 1895Geelong, Victoria, Australia F6965 Geneagraphie 
3 Gilbert / Betts  22 Dec 1874Geelong, Victoria, Australia F180913 Geneagraphie 
4 Gilbert / Kelly  16 Dec 1942Geelong, Victoria, Australia F180815 Geneagraphie 
5 Holden / Pollock  11 May 1864Geelong, Victoria, Australia F180947 Geneagraphie 
6 Holmes / Wright  7 Jul 1874Geelong, Victoria, Australia F13025 Geneagraphie 
7 Labbatt / Shipson  Abt 1856Geelong, Victoria, Australia F18627 Geneagraphie 
8 Roberts / Cawthorn  16 Mar 1938Geelong, Victoria, Australia F180793 Geneagraphie 
9 Simmons / Jacques  24 Apr 1854Geelong, Victoria, Australia F270085 Geneagraphie 
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