Roy Louis de France, XVI

1754 - 1793  (38 years)    Has more than 100 ancestors and 4 descendants in this family tree.

• Name	Louis de France
  Prefix	Roy
  Suffix	XVI
  Birth	23 Aug 1754	Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France
  Gender	Male
  Death	21 Jan 1793	Paris, Île-de-France, France
  Siblings	7 Siblings
  1. Marie Zépherine de France,   b. 1750   d. 1755  (Age 5 years)   2. Louis Joseph Xavier de France,   b. 1751   d. 1761  (Age 10 years)   3. Xavier Marie Joseph de France,   b. 1753   d. 1754  (Age 1 year) + 4. Roy Louis de France, XVI,   b. 23 Aug 1754, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 21 Jan 1793, Paris, Île-de-France, France  (Age 38 years) ▻ Marie Antoinette von Österreich,  m. 16 May 1770   5. Roy Louis Stanislas Xavier de France, XVIII,   b. 17 Nov 1755, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 16 Sep 1824, Tuileries  (Age 68 years) ▻ Maria Guiseppina di Savoya,  m. 21 Apr 1771 + 6. Roy Charles de France, X,   b. 9 Oct 1757, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 6 Nov 1836, Göritz  (Age 79 years) ▻ Maria Teresa di Savoya,  m. 24 Oct 1773 ;   Louise d' Esparbès de Lussan   7. Marie Adelaide Clothilde de France,   b. 23 Sep 1759, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 7 Mar 1802, Naples  (Age 42 years) ▻ Re Carlo Emanuele IV di Savoya,  m. 1775   8. Elizabeth de France,   b. 1764   d. 1794  (Age 30 years)
  Person ID	I5886	Geneagraphie
  Last Modified	9 Oct 2002

  
  

  Father	Dauphin Louis de France,   b. 4 Sep 1729, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 20 Dec 1765, Fontainebleau, Seine et Marne, France (Age 36 years)
  Mother	Marie Josephe Caroline von Sachsen,   b. 4 Nov 1731, Dresden, Sachsen, Deutschland d. 13 Mar 1767, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France (Age 35 years)
  Marriage	9 Feb 1747	Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France
  Family ID	F2580	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Marie Antoinette von Österreich,   b. 2 Nov 1755, Vienna d. 16 Oct 1793, Paris, Île-de-France, France (Age 37 years)
  Marriage	16 May 1770	Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France
  Children	1. Marie Therese Charlotte de France,   b. 19 Dec 1778, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 19 Oct 1851, Frohsdorf, Niederösterreich, Österreich (Age 72 years)   2. Dauphin Louis Joseph de France,   b. 22 Oct 1781, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 4 Jun 1789, Meudon (Age 7 years)   3. Dauphin Louis Charles de France, XVII,   b. 27 Mar 1785, Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France d. 8 Jun 1795, Temple Prison (Age 10 years)   4. Sophie de France,   b. 1786   d. 1787 (Age 1 year)
  Family ID	F2582	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	29 Aug 2000

  
  

• Event Map	Click to hide
  		Birth - 23 Aug 1754 - Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France Marriage - 16 May 1770 - Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France,, France Death - 21 Jan 1793 - Paris, Île-de-France, France  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

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• Notes

  King of France (1774-1792). Louis XVI, the third son of the Dauphin, Louis, and his wife Marie-Josephe of Saxony and grandson of Louis XV, fell heir to the throne when his father died in 1765, since his two elder brothers had already died. Louis XVI married MarieAntoinette of Austria in 1770 and succeeded his grandfather in 1774. He inherited a difficult financial situation and a badly impaired image of the monarchy. Filled with the very best of intentions and a will to do his utmost for his people, he was a cultured, educated man who was open to the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment. Louis XVI, however, was not the man for the job. He lacked authority, had a weak, irresolute character and was easily influenced, sometimes with disastrous results. His indecision and contradictory behaviour were his undoing. From the beginning of his reign, he realised that there was a need for reform. He therefore recalled the parliaments and brought in reformist ministers to assist him. Turgot attempted to implement a major reform including the creation of a tax payable by all and free trade in cereals. However, faced with strong opposition from parliaments and court alike, and with the resultant increase in the price of cereals (known as the "flour war"), Louis XVI dismissed Turgot in 1776. Thereafter, no more reforms were possible. Neither Necker nor Calonne were able to change the course of history. Louis XVI's decision to involve France in the War of American Independence on the side of the Insurgents (1780-1783) led to a further worsening of the financial situation because of the use of loans. In 1787, Lomenie de Brienne submitted a new fiscal reform policy to the Parliament, but in vain. Eventually faced with the hostility of Parliamentarians (unrest in Rennes and Grenoble), Louis XVI gave in and convened the States General in 1788. Their meeting, at Versailles on 5th May 1789, was considered as the start of the French Revolution. The conflict regarding the voting procedure opposing the king and the Third Estate from the outset led to a breakdown of the system and the States General became a National Assembly in June 1789. The Assembly soon gave itself constituent powers. This was the monarchy's first defeat and the end of absolutism. Louis XVI's ambiguous attitu­de (dismissal of Necker, arrival of Coops in Paris) led to the popular uprising on 14th July and the fall of the Bastille then, in October 1789, to the days of unrest which resulted in the Parisian people bringing the royal family back to Paris. The Constituent Assembly gradually set up a constitutional monarchy and ended the old social order known as the Ancien Regime (abolition of privileges on 4th August 1789, acceptance of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen on 26th August 1789). Louis XVI appeared to accept these changes but, in fact, found it difficult to cope with the loss of his absolute power. The vote on the Civil Constitution for the clergy (July 1790) reinforced his mistrust of the new regime. Counting on the assistance of loyal foreign troops and emigrant aristocrats, the king decided to flee in June 1791. He was caught in Varennes, set back on the thro­ne by a moderate assembly careful to preserve the constitutional monarchy, but gradually lost his last supporters, even though he swore an oath of fidelity to the Constitution in September 1791. Once the Constitution became operational, it merely led to repeated conflicts between the legislative assembly and the monarch who held a right of veto. The outbreak of war against Austria (April 1792), which the king had ardently desired in the hope that a French defeat would give him back his power, discredited him once and for all. The defeats of the revolutionary armies and the sending of the threatening Brunswick Manifesto to the Parisian people revealing the king's secret negotiations with foreign sovereigns led to an uprising in Paris on 10th August 1792 and the end of the constitutional monarchy. Louis XVI was suspended from his functions, deposed and imprisoned in the Temple with his family. The National Convention, which met in September 1792, abolis­hed royalty, proclaimed a Republic, and decided to send the king to trial. He was found guilty of conspiracy and treason, sentenced to death and guillotined on 21 st January 1793. The monarchy ceased to exist but Louis XVI left a son, Louis XVII, who was imprisoned in the Temple and two brothers, the Counts of Provence and Artois, who had fled abroad. (Medical):Under the Guillotine