Cardinal Henry Benedict Thomas Maria Stuart

1725 - 1807  (82 years)    Has more than 100 ancestors but no descendants in this family tree.

• Name	Henry Benedict Thomas Maria Stuart
  Prefix	Cardinal
  Birth	6 Mar 1725	Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italia
  Gender	Male
  Death	13 Jul 1807	Frascati, Italia
  Burial	16 Jul 1807	San Pietro, Vatican
  Siblings	1 Sibling
  + 1. Charles Edward Stuart, "The Young Pretender",   b. 1 Dec 1720, Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italia d. 21 Jan 1788, Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italia  (Age 67 years) ▻ Prinzessin Louise Maximilienne Caroline von Stolberg Gedern,  m. 17 Apr 1772 ;   Countess Clemantina Maria Sophia Walkinshaw;   Comtesse Marguerite o’ Dea d’ Audibert de Lussan,  m. Nov 1785 ;   Marie Louise Henriette Jeanne de la Tour d' Auvergne de Bouillon;   Prinzessin Maria Ludwika Jablonowska   2. Cardinal Henry Benedict Thomas Maria Stuart,   b. 6 Mar 1725, Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italia d. 13 Jul 1807, Frascati, Italia  (Age 82 years)
  Person ID	I5721	Geneagraphie
  Last Modified	30 Nov 2001

  
  

  Father	James III Francis Edward Stuart, "The old pretender",   b. 10 Jun 1688, St. James Palace, London d. 1 Jan 1766, Roma, Latium, Italia (Age 77 years)
  Mother	Princess Maria Casimire Clementina Sobieska,   b. 18 Jul 1702   d. 1735 (Age 32 years)
  Marriage	3 Sep 1719	Monte Fiascone Cathedral, Italia
  Family ID	F7054	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

• Event Map	Click to hide
  		Death - 13 Jul 1807 - Frascati, Italia Burial - 16 Jul 1807 - San Pietro, Vatican  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Notes

  Duke of York, known by the Jacobites as "Henry IX, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland"; born at Rome, 11 March, 1725; died at Frascati, 13 July, 1807. He was the second son of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Chevalier de St. George, and Clementina, daughter of Prince James Sobieski. In 1745, when hopes of a Stuart restoration ran high, he visited France, hoping to embark with French troops to the assistance of his brother Charles Edward. Having spent several months at Dunkirk without effect, he returned to Rome with the intention of entering the ecclesiastical state. In 1747, at the age of twenty-two, he was created cardinal, and during the following year he received Holy Orders, being ordained priest on 1 September. He was immediately made archpriest of the Vatican Basilica, and shortly afterwards cardinal camerlengo. In November, 1759, he was consecrated titular Archbishop of Corinth, and on 13 July, 1761, became Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati. Being sincerely pious and earnest, he proved a zealous administrator of his see, reforming the clergy, and founding a seminary which he endowed with a magnificent library. At the French Revolution he lost his French benefices, sacrificed many other resources to assist the pope, and finally was reduced to poverty by the seizure of his Frascati property by the French. Old and infirm, he fled to Padua and thence to Venice. King George III then came to his assistance, aiding him with a life-annuity till he was able to return to Frascati in 1800. In return for this kindness the cardinal bequeathed to the Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV, the crown jewels of James II. In September, 1803, he became Bishop of Ostia and Velletri, and Dean of the Sacred College, though he still resided at Frascati. At his death the Stuart papers in his possession were bought by George IV for the Royal Library, and others are now in the British Museum. There are three pictures of him in the National Portrait Gallery, London, and one at Blairs College, Aberdeen. The cardinal lies buried in St. Peter's at Rome, where Canova's monument preserves his memory.