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Canada

Tree: Geneagraphie

Notes:

Tree: Nederlandse voorouders

Notes:
Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America. It is the world's second-largest country by total area, and extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Canada shares land borders with the United States to the northwest and south.



Inhabited first by aboriginal peoples, Canada was founded in 1867 as a union of British colonies (some of which were formerly French colonies). It gained independence from the United Kingdom in an incremental process that ended in 1982. It remains a Commonwealth Realm with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state.



Canada is a federal constitutional monarchy with parliamentary democracy. Comprising ten provinces and three territories, Canada is a bilingual and multicultural country, with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. A technologically advanced and industrialized nation, Canada maintains a diversified economy that is heavily reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade — particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship.



Origin and history of the name



The name Canada comes from a word in the language of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians meaning "village" or "settlement." In 1535, inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct explorer Jacques Cartier towards the village of Stadacona. Cartier used the word 'Canada' to refer to not only that village, but the entire area subject to Donnacona, Chief at Stadacona. By 1545, European books and maps began referring to this region as Canada.



The French colony of Canada referred to the part of New France along the Saint Lawrence River and the northern shores of the Great Lakes. Later, it was split into two British colonies, called Upper Canada and Lower Canada until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, the name Canada was officially adopted for the new dominion, which was referred to as the Dominion of Canada until the 1950s. In fact, Canada's founders, led by Sir John A. Macdonald wished thier new nation to be called the "Kingdom of Canada", however the British Colonial Office at the time worried it would anger the Americans and requested "Dominion" to be used instead. As Canada increasingly acquired political authority and autonomy from Britain, the federal government increasingly simply used Canada on state documents and treaties. The Canada Act 1982 refers only to "Canada" and, as such, it is currently the only legal (and bilingual) name. This was reflected again in 1982 with the renaming of the national holiday from Dominion Day to Canada Day.



History



Main articles: History of Canada and Timeline of Canadian history



Aboriginal tradition holds that the First Peoples inhabited parts of Canada since the dawn of time. Archaeological studies support a human presence in northern Yukon to 26,500 years ago, and in southern Ontario to 9,500 years ago. Europeans first arrived when the Vikings settled briefly at L'Anse aux Meadows circa AD 1000.



The next Europeans to explore Canada's Atlantic coast included John Cabot in 1497 for England and Jacques Cartier in 1534 for France. French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent European settlements at Port Royal in 1605 and Quebec City in 1608. Among French colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the St. Lawrence River valley, Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while French fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. The French and Iroquois Wars broke out over control of the fur trade.



The English established fishing outposts in Newfoundland around 1610 and colonized the Thirteen Colonies to the south. A series of four Intercolonial Wars erupted between 1689 and 1763. Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the Treaty of Utrecht (1713); the Treaty of Paris (1763) ceded all of New France to Britain following the Seven Years' War.



The Royal Proclamation (1763) carved the Province of Quebec out of New France and annexed Cape Breton Island to Nova Scotia. It also restricted the language and religious rights of French Canadians. In 1769, St. John's Island (now Prince Edward Island) became a separate colony. To avert conflict in Quebec, the Quebec Act of 1774 expanded Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley, and re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law in Quebec; it angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies, helping to fuel the American Revolution. The Treaty of Paris (1783) recognized American independence and ceded territories south of the Great Lakes to the Unites States. Approximately 50,000 United Empire Loyalists fled the United States to Canada. New Brunswick was split from Nova Scotia to recognize Loyalist settlements in the Maritimes. To accommodate English-speaking Loyalists in Quebec , the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province into French-speaking Lower Canada and English-speaking Upper Canada, granting each their own elected Legislative Assembly.



Canada was a major front in the War of 1812 between the United States and British Empire. Its defence contributed to a sense of unity among British North Americans. Large-scale immigration to Canada began in 1815 from Britain and Ireland. The timber industry would also surpass the fur trade in importance in the early 1800s.



The desire for Responsible Government resulted in the aborted Rebellions of 1837. As a result, The Durham Report(1839) recommended responsible government and the assimilation of French Canadians into British culture. The Act of Union (1840) merged The Canadas into a United Province of Canada. French and English Canadians would work together in the Assembly to reinstate French rights. They later established responsible government in 1849, as would all British North American colonies.



The signing of the Oregon Treaty by Britain and the United States in 1846 ended the Oregon boundary dispute, extending the border westward along the 49th parallel, and paving the way for British colonies on Vancouver Island (1849) and in British Columbia (1858). Canada launched a series of western exploratory expeditions to claim Rupert's Land and the Arctic region. The Canadian population grew rapidly because of high birth rates; British immigration was offset by emigration to the United States, especially by French Canadians moving to New England.



Confederation



Following several constitutional conferences, the British North America Act brought about Confederation creating "one dominion under the name of Canada" on July 1, 1867 with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. Canada assumed control of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories. Métis' grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had united in 1866) and the colony of Prince Edward Island joined Confederation in 1871 and 1873, respectively. Prime Minister John A. MacDonald's Conservative Party established a National Policy of tarrifs to protect nascent Canadian manufacturing industries. To open the West, the government sponsored construction of three trans-continental railways (most notably the Canadian Pacific Railway), opened the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and established the North West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. Under Liberal Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, continental European immigrants settled the prairies, and Alberta and Saskatchewan became provinces in 1905.



Canada automatically entered the First World War in 1914 with Britain's declaration of war, sending volunteers to the Western Front to fight as a national contingent. The Conscription Crisis of 1917 erupted when conservative Prime Minister Robert Borden brought in compulsory military service over the objection of French-speaking Quebecers. In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain; in 1931 the Statute of Westminster affirmed Canada's independence.



The Great Depression of 1929 brought economic hardship to all of Canada. In response, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in Alberta and Saskatchewan presaged a welfare state as pioneered by Tommy Douglas in the 1940s and 1950s. Canada declared war on Germany independently during World War II under Liberal Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, three days after Britain. The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. The economy boomed as industry manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China and the Soviet Union. Despite another Conscription Crisis in Quebec, Canada finished the war with one of the largest militaries in the world.



In 1949, Newfoundland joined Confederation as Canada's 10th province. Post-war prosperity and economic expansion ignited a baby boom and attracted immigration from war-ravaged European countries.



Quebec underwent profound social and economic changes during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s. Québécois nationalists began pressing for greater provincial autonomy. The separatist Parti Québécois first came to power in 1976. A referendum on sovereignty-association in 1980 was rejected by a solid majority of the population, and a second referendum in 1995 was rejected by a slimmer margin of just 50.6% to 49.4%. In 1997, the Canadian Supreme Court ruled unilateral secession by a province to be unconstitutional; Quebec's sovereignty movement has continued nonetheless.



Under successive Liberal governments of Lester B. Pearson and Pierre Trudeau, a new Canadian nationalism emerged. Canada adopted its current Maple Leaf Flag in 1965. In response to a more assertive French-speaking Quebec, the federal government became officially bilingual with the Official Languages Act of 1969. Non-discriminatory Immigration Acts were introduced in 1967 and 1976, and official multiculturalism in 1971; waves of non-European immigration have changed the face of the country. Social democratic programs such as Universal Health Care, the Canada Pension Plan, and Canada Student Loans were initiated in the 1960s and consolidated in the 1970s; provincial governments, particularly Quebec, fought these as incursions into their jurisdictions. Finally, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau pushed through the patriation of the constitution from Britain, enshrining a Charter of Rights and Freedoms based on individual rights in the Constitution Act of 1982.



Economic integration with the United States has increased significantly since World War II. The Canada-United States Automotive Agreement (or Auto Pact) in 1965 and the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement of 1987 were defining moments in integrating the two economies. Canadian nationalists continued to worry about their cultural autonomy as American television shows, movies and corporations became omnipresent. However, Canadians take special pride in their system of universal health care and their commitment to multiculturalism

Birth

Matches 1 to 50 of 116

1 2 3 Next»

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Birth		Person ID	Tree
1	Dora		Canada	I92837	Geneagraphie
2	Jennie	May 1863	Canada	I452194	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Marjorie		Canada	I92512	Geneagraphie
4	NN		Canada	I151291	Geneagraphie
5	Alexander, William	Abt 1604	Canada	I367945	Geneagraphie
6	Alsbury, Morgan Michael Thomas	1996	Canada	I786078	Geneagraphie
7	Alsbury, Thomas Bruce	1929	Canada	I786076	Geneagraphie
8	Bierman, NN	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I264421	Nederlandse voorouders
9	Bierman, NN	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I264422	Nederlandse voorouders
10	Blok, John Hendrik	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I246440	Nederlandse voorouders
11	Brodeur, Jean Baptiste Dit Lavigne	Abt 1790	Canada	I448092	Nederlandse voorouders
12	Brunette, Theophile	1849	Canada	I210136	Geneagraphie
13	Buffett, Cheryl Lee	11 Jan 1971	Canada	I88402	Geneagraphie
14	Caron, Kaddish	Abt 1780	Canada	I452018	Nederlandse voorouders
15	Chambreau, Edward Emanuel	1821	Canada	I291457	Geneagraphie
16	Clough, Simon	Feb 1827	Canada	I452012	Nederlandse voorouders
17	Cloutier, Denise Catherine Emilerine	1844	Canada	I230134	Geneagraphie
18	Cope, Mathilda		Canada	I252972	Geneagraphie
19	Davison, Lena	1887	Canada	I452766	Nederlandse voorouders
20	Dias, Annie Maude	Abt 1852	Canada	I448932	Nederlandse voorouders
21	Doney, James	Abt 1884	Canada	I451196	Nederlandse voorouders
22	Ducharme, Andrew	Abt 1852	Canada	I447516	Nederlandse voorouders
23	Ducharme, Louis Alexander	Abt 1818	Canada	I451137	Nederlandse voorouders
24	Eichorn, Charles	7 Sep 1855	Canada	I257716	Geneagraphie
25	Festing, Ferdinand E Wogan	1867	Canada	I812292	Geneagraphie
26	Festing, Rose E Morton	1865	Canada	I812291	Geneagraphie
27	Ford, Louisa Belle	1 Mar 1884	Canada	I218497	Geneagraphie
28	Fortin, Nazaire	Jan 1840	Canada	I322705	Geneagraphie
29	Gareau, Marie	1844	Canada	I234737	Geneagraphie
30	Giroux, Mathilde Dit Mcgillis	1847	Canada	I450252	Nederlandse voorouders
31	Goodall, David T.	1846	Canada	I329428	Geneagraphie
32	Habraken, Derek	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I597778	Nederlandse voorouders
33	Hamilton, James	Abt 1867	Canada	I450967	Nederlandse voorouders
34	Hastings, Annis	1802	Canada	I381126	Geneagraphie
35	Hederman, Catherine	1845	Canada	I210219	Geneagraphie
36	Hederman, Ellen	1849	Canada	I210221	Geneagraphie
37	Hederman, Hannah	1843	Canada	I210218	Geneagraphie
38	Hederman, Marcus	1832	Canada	I210214	Geneagraphie
39	Hederman, Margaret	1837	Canada	I210216	Geneagraphie
40	Hederman, Martin	1834	Canada	I210215	Geneagraphie
41	Hederman, Mary	Feb 1839	Canada	I210210	Geneagraphie
42	Hederman, Thomas	1847	Canada	I210220	Geneagraphie
43	Henault, George	Abt 1894	Canada	I450800	Nederlandse voorouders
44	Henault, Steven	May 1843	Canada	I450797	Nederlandse voorouders
45	Horning, Mary	1821	Canada	I87386	Geneagraphie
46	Housseau, Marguerite	Abt 1632-1657	Canada	I298708	Geneagraphie
47	Humphris, Charles John	23 Nov 1863	Canada	I128241	Geneagraphie
48	Joubert, Marceline	Abt 1825	Canada	I291877	Geneagraphie
49	Klassen, Jean Jeanette		Canada	I88399	Geneagraphie
50	Lack, Eva A		Canada	I276693	Geneagraphie

1 2 3 Next»

Death

Matches 1 to 50 of 72

1 2 Next»

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Death		Person ID	Tree
1	Alkema, Hendrik	26 Jan 1988	Canada	I198475	Nederlandse voorouders
2	Ballast, Roelof	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I213091	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Basnett, James		Canada	I118134	Geneagraphie
4	Bonen, Gerrit Jan	30 Apr 1995	Canada	I524409	Nederlandse voorouders
5	ter Borg, Jacob Jan	04 Oct 1990	Canada	I351073	Nederlandse voorouders
6	Bron, Ietske	19 Jul 1977	Canada	I153142	Nederlandse voorouders
7	Bron, Siemon	18 Jun 1990	Canada	I407490	Nederlandse voorouders
8	Brouwer, Jan	08 Jun 2009	Canada	I536784	Nederlandse voorouders
9	Brouwer, Josef	13 Oct 1974	Canada	I536788	Nederlandse voorouders
10	Buffett, Cheryl Lee	10 Nov 1992	Canada	I88402	Geneagraphie
11	Burtch, Eunice		Canada	I47471	Geneagraphie
12	Burtch, Lorama	10 Aug 1875	Canada	I47466	Geneagraphie
13	Carpenter, Jacob	Abt Feb 1690	Canada	I140202	Geneagraphie
14	Chew, Joseph	Abt 1800	Canada	I368157	Geneagraphie
15	Cohen, Lyon	1937	Canada	I685673	Nederlandse voorouders
16	Coleman, Vera	1965	Canada	I455709	Geneagraphie
17	Corodon, Loula	1944	Canada	I253122	Geneagraphie
18	Derby, Charles	8 Oct 1690	Canada	I366977	Geneagraphie
19	Deshon, Grace		Canada	I368159	Geneagraphie
20	Dewolf, Samuel	1824	Canada	I140679	Geneagraphie
21	Dieterman, Pouwel	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I139818	Nederlandse voorouders
22	Ecroyd, Richard	20 Feb 1823	Canada	I27073	Geneagraphie
23	Ensing, Alie	09 Jan 1980	Canada	I694719	Nederlandse voorouders
24	Evans, Robert Eldon Lawrence	16 Aug 1993	Canada	I88804	Geneagraphie
25	Fugler, John Johns		Canada	I95036	Geneagraphie
26	Gorte, Femmigje	1999	Canada	I493369	Nederlandse voorouders
27	Gorte, Femmigje	10 May 2002	Canada	I524360	Nederlandse voorouders
28	Gruppen, Aaltje	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I305068	Nederlandse voorouders
29	Haaijer, Jan	19 Jun 1985	Canada	I347261	Nederlandse voorouders
30	Horning, Mary	1901	Canada	I87386	Geneagraphie
31	Ingersoll, Hester		Canada	I187484	Geneagraphie
32	Ingersoll, Hester Esther	2 Nov 1732	Canada	I215867	Geneagraphie
33	Kassies, Hendrik	30 Jun 1962	Canada	I319311	Nederlandse voorouders
34	King, Levi		Canada	I222437	Geneagraphie
35	ter Laan, Hendrik Jan	28 Feb 1966	Canada	I545632	Nederlandse voorouders
36	Lamain, Bonnechina	03 Dec 1958	Canada	I348567	Nederlandse voorouders
37	Lebeau dit Bau Laulolette, Jean Baptiste		Canada	I160590	Geneagraphie
38	Leet, Cyrus	8 Mar 1883	Canada	I304437	Geneagraphie
39	Lennox, Duke Charles	28 Aug 1819	Canada	I84182	Geneagraphie
40	Leroi, Joseph Noel	08 Oct 1747	Canada	I449356	Nederlandse voorouders
41	Lukens, Harm	14 Mar 2000	Canada	I349495	Nederlandse voorouders
42	MacNab, Robert	Abt 1812	Canada	I355001	Geneagraphie
43	Marraccini, Livia Luisa	Sept. 1998	Canada	I825653	Geneagraphie
44	Middel, Abel	19 Feb 1994	Canada	I152617	Nederlandse voorouders
45	Minthorn, John	17 Dec 1859	Canada	I188204	Geneagraphie
46	Moore, Sylvanus H.	2 Oct 1868	Canada	I243620	Geneagraphie
47	Oldenziel, Siebrand	Yes, date unknown	Canada	I156300	Nederlandse voorouders
48	Oord, Bernard Frank	2007	Canada	I422028	Nederlandse voorouders
49	Pimm, Charles	1953	Canada	I369838	Geneagraphie
50	Pimm, Robert	1953	Canada	I369836	Geneagraphie

1 2 Next»

Burial

Matches 1 to 1 of 1

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Burial		Person ID	Tree
1	Lukens, Harm	16 Mar 2000	Canada	I349495	Nederlandse voorouders

Address

Matches 1 to 1 of 1

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Address		Person ID	Tree
1	Leffers, Hiske		Canada	I71033	Nederlandse voorouders

Emigratie

Matches 1 to 1 of 1

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Emigratie		Person ID	Tree
1	de Jager, Jacob	1929	Canada	I526882	Nederlandse voorouders

Prominent People

Matches 1 to 4 of 4

	Last Name, Given Name(s)	Prominent People		Person ID	Tree
1	Carleton, General Guy		Canada	I769628	Geneagraphie
2	Dion, Celine		Canada	I468675	Geneagraphie
3	Head, Francis Bond	Jan 1836 - Mar 1838	Canada	I773682	Geneagraphie
4	Mulroney, Martin Brian		Canada	I734416	Geneagraphie

Marriage

Matches 1 to 19 of 19

	Family	Marriage		Family ID	Tree
1	Brünen / Gründel	1910	Canada	F71242	Nederlandse voorouders
2	Forsten / Flik	1905	Canada	F93669	Nederlandse voorouders
3	Ingalls / Delano	1793	Canada	F100840	Geneagraphie
4	Lash / Miller	31 Aug 1871	Canada	F80991	Geneagraphie
5	Lash / Miller	30 Oct 1874	Canada	F80992	Geneagraphie
6	Littlechild / Slater	Abt 1920	Canada	F92253	Geneagraphie
7	MacNab / Napier	31 May 1792	Canada	F140230	Geneagraphie
8	MacNab / Stuart	Abt 1823	Canada	F140234	Geneagraphie
9	Matheson / Parlee	1929	Canada	F91174	Geneagraphie
10	Meendering / Wake	29 Aug 1942	Canada	F136507	Nederlandse voorouders
11	Miller / van Santen	Sep 1895	Canada	F80993	Geneagraphie
12	Minthorn / Sherwood	Abt 1811	Canada	F76375	Geneagraphie
13	Moore / Morrison	1 Apr 1863	Canada	F98757	Geneagraphie
14	Murphy / Hederman	1860	Canada	F87077	Geneagraphie
15	Paisley / Bartos	1899	Canada	F176185	Nederlandse voorouders
16	Pettet / Tremaine	Aft 1945	Canada	F313490	Geneagraphie
17	Rasker / May	14 May 1941	Canada	F30832	Nederlandse voorouders
18	Regnier / Lebris		Canada	F93968	Geneagraphie
19	Withers / Burtch	Sep 1825	Canada	F19927	Geneagraphie