Byzantine emperors |
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Constantinian dynasty (306-363) |
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Emperor from |
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Constantine "the Great"
(Gaius Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus) |
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25 July 306
Proclaimed "Augustus" upon the death of Constantius
Chlorus |
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Constantius II
(Flavius Iulius Constantius) |
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22 May 337
Inherited Eastern third of Roman Empire upon his father's death |
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Julian "the Apostate"
(Flavius Claudius Iulianus) |
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5 October 361
Proclaimed by his army in Gaul, became legitimate Emperor upon
the death of Constantius |
Non-dynastic (363-364) |
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Jovian
Ιοβιανός ( Flavius Claudius Iovianus ) |
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28 June 363
Elected by the army upon Julian's death |
Valentinian-Theodosian dynasty (364-457) |
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Valentinian I
( Flavius Valentinianus ) |
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26 February 364
Elected by the army upon Jovian's death |
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Valens
( Flavius Iulius Valens ) |
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28 March 364
Appointed by his brother |
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Gratian
( Flavius Gratianus ) |
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9 August 378
Inherited rule of the East upon the death of Valens |
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Theodosius I
"the Great"
( Flavius Theodosius ) |
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19 January 379
Appointed by Gratian |
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Arcadius
( Flavius Arcadius ) |
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17 January 395
Upon the death of Theodosius I |
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Theodosius II
( Flavius Theodosius ) |
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1 May 408
Upon the death of Arcadius |
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Pulcheria
( Aelia Pulcheria ) |
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28 July 450
Upon the death of Theodosius II |
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Marcian
( Flavius Valerius Marcianus ) |
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450
Upon his marriage to Pulcheria |
Leonid dynasty (457-518) |
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Leo I "the Thracian"
(Flavius Valerius Leo ) |
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7 February 457
Chosen by Aspar, commander-in-chief of the army |
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Leo II
( Flavius Leo ) |
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18 January 474
Succeeded his grandfather Leo I |
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Zeno
( Flavius Zeno )
(Born Tarasicodissa) |
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Co-emperor: 9 February 474
Appointed by his son Leo II
Sole Emperor: 17 November 474
Succeeded upon the death of Leo II |
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Basiliscus
( Flavius Basiliscus ) |
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9 January 475
Seized power from Zeno |
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Zeno, restored
( Flavius Zeno ) (Born Tarasicodissa) |
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restored August 476
Having deposed Basiliscus |
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Anastasius I
( Flavius Anastasius ) |
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11 April 491
Chosen by Ariadne, widow of Zeno |
Justinian dynasty
(518-602) |
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Justin I
(Flavius Iustinus ) |
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July 518
Elected by army and people upon the death of Anastasius I |
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Justinian I
the Great
(Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus) |
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1 August 527
Inherited the throne on the death of Justin I |
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Justin II
(Flavius Iustinus Iunior) |
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14 November 565
Inherited the throne on the death of Justinian I |
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Tiberius II Constantine
(Flavius Tiberius Constantinus) |
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5 October 578
Became full Emperor on the death of Justin II |
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Maurice
(Flavius Mauricius Tiberius) |
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14 August 582
Succeeded upon the death of his father-in-law Tiberius II |
Non-dynastic (602-610) |
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Phocas
(Flavius Phocas ) |
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November 602
Seized power in a rebellion against Maurice |
Heraclian dynasty
(610-711) |
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Herakleios
Heraclius (Flavius Heraclius) |
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5 October 610
Seized power in a rebellion against Phocas |
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Constantine III
Herakleios Néos Kōnstantinos
Heraclius Novus
Constantinus |
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11 February 641
Succeeded to throne with Heraklonas following death of
Herakleios |
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Heraklonas
(Kōnstantinos Herakleios) Heraclianus |
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11 February 641
Succeeded to throne with Constantine III following death
of Herakleios |
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Constans II
born Herakleios Constantine
(Herakleios Kōnstantinos);
called "Constantine the Bearded" Constans II
(Constantus II) |
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641
Made co-Emperor by Hereklonas, sole emperor in that same
year |
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Mezezius |
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668 |
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Constantine IV
(Kōnstantinos) Constantine |
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15 September 668
succeeded following murder of Constans II |
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Justinian II |
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Co-emperor in 681, sole emperor in 685. |
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Leontios |
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695 |
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Tiberios III
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698 |
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Justinian II |
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705 |
Non-dynastic (711-717) |
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Philippikos |
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December, 711 |
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Anastasios II |
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June 713 |
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Theodosios III |
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May 715 |
Isaurian dynasty
(717-802) |
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Leo III the Isaurian |
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25 March 717 |
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Constantine V
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Co-ruler in 720, senior ruler in 741 |
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Artabasdos |
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Rival emperor from June 741/2 |
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Leo IV the Khazar |
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Co-ruler in 751, senior ruler in 775 |
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Constantine VI |
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Co-ruler in 776, sole emperor in 780 |
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Irene of Athens |
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August 797 |
Nikephoros'
dynasty (802-813) |
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Nikephoros I |
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31 October 802 |
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Staurakios |
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Co-ruler in 803, senior ruler in 811 |
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Michael I Rangabe |
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2 October 811 |
Non-dynastic (813-820) |
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Leo V the Armenian |
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11 July 813 |
Phrygian dynasty
(820-867) |
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Michael II the Stammerer or the
Amorian |
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25 December 820 |
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Theophilus |
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2 October 829 |
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Theodora |
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842 |
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Michael III the Drunkard |
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842 |
Macedonian
dynasty (867-1056) |
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Basil I the Macedonian |
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867 |
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Leo VI the Wise |
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886 |
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Alexander |
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912 |
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Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos
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15 May 908 |
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Romanos I Lekapenos |
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17 December 920 |
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Romanos II Porphyrogennetos |
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November 959 |
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Nikephoros II Phokas |
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16 August 963 |
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John I Tzimiskes |
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11 December 969 |
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Basil II the Bulgar-Slayer |
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10 January 976 |
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Constantine VIII |
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15 December 1025 |
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Zoe |
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15 November 1028 |
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Romanos III Argyros |
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15 November 1028 |
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Michael IV the Paphlagonian
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11 April 1034 |
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Michael V the Caulker |
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10 December 1041 |
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Theodora |
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20 April 1042 |
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Constantine IX Monomachos |
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11 June 1042 |
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Theodora |
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11 January 1055 |
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Non-dynastic (1056-1057) |
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Michael VI |
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September, 1056 |
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Komnenid dynasty (1057-1059) |
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Isaac I Komnenos |
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5 June 1057 as rival emperor, sole
emperor since 31 August 1057 |
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Doukid dynasty
(1059-1081) |
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Constantine X Doukas |
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24 November 1059 |
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Michael VII Doukas Quarter-short |
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22 May 1067 |
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Romanos IV Diogenes |
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1067 |
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Nikephoros III Botaneiates |
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31 March 1078 |
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Komnenid dynasty
(1081-1185) |
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Alexios I Komnenos |
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4 April 1081 |
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John II Komnenos |
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1118 |
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Manuel I Komnenos |
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1143 |
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Alexios II Komnenos |
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1180 |
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Andronikos I Komnenos |
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1183 |
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Angelid dynasty
(1185-1204) |
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Isaac II Angelos |
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1185 |
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Alexios III Angelos |
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1195 |
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Isaac II Angelos |
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1203 |
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Alexios IV Angelos |
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1203 |
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Nikolaos Kanabos |
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25 January 1204 |
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Alexios V Doukas |
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5 February 1204 |
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Laskarid dynasty (Empire of Nicaea, 1204-1261) |
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Constantine Laskaris |
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Claimant emperor in 1204 |
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Theodore I Laskaris |
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proclaimed 1205, crowned 1208 |
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John III Doukas Vatatzes |
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December, 1221 |
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Theodore II Laskaris |
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proclaimed 4 November 1254 crowned
1255 |
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John IV Laskaris |
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18 August 1258 |
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Palaiologan Dynasty (restored to Constantinople, 1261-1453) |
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Michael VIII Palaiologos
|
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1 January 1259 as co-emperor, senior
emperor since 25 December 1261 |
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Andronikos II Palaiologos |
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nominal co-emperor in September,
1261, crowned in 1272. Senior emperor on 11 December 1282 |
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Michael IX Palaiologos
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co-emperor in 1281, crowned in
1294/1295. |
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Andronikos III
Palaiologos |
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co-emperor in 1316, rival emperor
since July, 1321. Senior emperor on 24 May 1328. |
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John V Palaiologos |
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Emperor in 15 June 1341 |
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John VI Kantakouzenos
|
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rival emperor on 26 October 1341,
senior emperor on 8 February 1347. |
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Matthew Kantakouzenos |
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co-emperor on 15 April 1353, rival
emperor since 4 December 1354. |
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John V Palaiologos |
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co-emperor in 1347, rival emperor in
1352. Senior Emperor on 4 December 1354 |
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Andronikos IV Palaiologos |
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co-emperor c. 1352, Senior Emperor on
12 August 1376 |
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John V Palaiologos |
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Senior Emperor on 1 July 1379 |
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John VII Palaiologos
|
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Co-emperor from 1376 to 1379, senior
emperor on 14 April 1390 |
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John V Palaiologos |
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Senior Emperor on 17 September 1390 |
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Manuel II Palaiologos |
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Co-emperor in 1373, Senior Emperor on
16 February 1391 |
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Andronikos V Palaiologos |
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co-emperor c. 1403 |
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John VIII Palaiologos |
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Co-emperor c. 1416, sole emperor on
21 July 1425 |
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Constantine XI
|
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6 January 1449 |
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Palaiologan Dynasty (claimants in exile) |
|
Demetrios Palaiologos |
|
1453 |
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Thomas Palaiologos |
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1453 |
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Andreas Palaiologos |
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12 May 1465 |